Figure 1
From: Integrated dual-mode 3 dB power coupler based on tapered directional coupler

The schematic configuration and the geometric parameters of the proposed dual-mode 3dB power coupler.
(a) The 3-dimension structure and (b) topview of the proposed device. (c) The cross sections of the front (A) and the end (B) of the coupling region in (b). (d) The simulated effective indices of TM0 mode and TM1 mode associated with different waveguide widths at 1550 nm.