Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Dynamic in situ observation of voltage-driven repeatable magnetization reversal at room temperature

Figure 1

Multiferroic magnetic-ferroelectric heterostructure.

(a) Schematics of a simple NiFe/(110)PMN-PT bilayer. Upon applying a DC voltage across the bilayer, the in-plane magnetic domain structures (e.g., the top enlarged image) in the NiFe film are mapped out in situ by scanning a focused polarized laser (pink cone) from the magneto-optical Kerr microscope. The bottom enlarged area is a HAADF–Z contrast image of the heterostructure across the interface. (b) In-plane and out-of-plane magnetic hysteresis loops of the bilayer. (c) L-edge EELS spectra over an extended energy range for Fe and Ni, showing strong L23 white lines. (d,e) The L23 edge spectra from the middle-film and the interface, see Fig. S1-2.

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