Figure 4: Evolution of the teleost karyotype.

(A) Thirteen pre-TGD reduced ancestral chromosomes are indicated as coloured bars. Genomic regions originating from the same ancestral chromosomes are depicted in the same colour. Green, red and blue arrows represent translocation, fusion and fission events, respectively. The numbers in each branch of tree are the estimated divergence times. The predicted ancestral chromosomes of medaka were modified from Kasahara’s study38. Circos plots show syntenic relationships between the linkage groups of spotted gar and chromosomes of arowana (B) zebrafish (C) and medaka (D). Spotted gar chromosome numbers are shown in red whereas those of arowana, zebrafish and medaka are shown in black.