Table 1 Summary characteristics of the study population.

From: A life course approach to explore the biological embedding of socioeconomic position and social mobility through circulating inflammatory markers

 

Father’s occupational position (N = 234)

Participant’s education (N = 267)

Household’s highest occupational position (N = 237)

Participants with complete data (N = 230)

Non Manual

Manual

P-value

High

Low

P-value

Non Manual

>Manual

P-value

N% or mean (sd)

N (%)

87 (37.2)

147 (62.8)

 

120 (44.9%)

147 (55.1)

 

158 (66.7)

79 (33.3)

 

230 (100)

Age, yo, mean (SD)

52.6 (7.7)

54.2 (8.3)

0.14

50.9 (7.4)

55.3 (8.0)

<0.0001

53.0 (7.9)

55.0 (8.2)

0.07

53.7 (8.0)

Gender, N (%)

 Women

66 (75.9)

103 (70.1)

0.42

87 (72.5)

113 (76.9)

0.50

112 (70.9)

57 (72.2)

0.96

166 (72.2)

 Men

21 (24.1)

44 (29.9)

 

33 (27.5)

34 (23.1)

 

46 (29.1)

22 (27.8)

 

64 (27.8)

Breast case, N (%)

20 (23.0)

23 (15.6)

0.22

26 (21.7)

24 (16.3)

0.34

34 (21.5)

8 (10.1)

0.05

41 (17.8)

NHL case, N (%)

29 (33.3)

45 (30.6)

0.77

34 (28.3)

50 (34.0)

0.39

55 (34.8)

22 (27.9)

0.35

74 (32.2)

Center*, N (%)

 South

4 (4.5)

18 (12.2)

0.02

23 (19.2)

24 (16.3)

0.02

12 (7.6)

9 (11.4)

0.26

20 (8.7)

 Central

50 (57.5)

60 (40.8)

 

61 (50.8)

55 (37.4)

 

81 (51.3)

32 (40.5)

 

109 (47.3)

 North

33 (38.0)

69 (47.0)

 

36 (30.0)

68 (46.2)

 

65 (41.1)

38 (48.1)

 

101 (44.0)

Phase, N (%)

 Phase 1

66 (75.9)

109 (74.1)

0.89

97 (80.8)

103 (70.1)

0.06

125 (79.1)

52 (65.8)

0.04

172 (74.8)

 Phase 2

21 (24.1)

38 (25.9)

 

23 (19.2)

44 (29.9)

 

33 (20.9)

27 (34.2)

 

58 (25.2)

Body mass index, mean (SD)

25.3 (3.4)

26.0 (4.0)

0.10

24.8 (3.1)

26.6 (3.7)

0.00

25.3 (3.3)

26.6 (3.8)

0.01

25.8 (3.5)

Smoking status, N (%)

 Never

38 (43.7)

79 (53.7)

0.24

47 (39.2)

82 (55.8)

0.03

71 (44.9)

45 (57.0)

0.18

115 (50.0)

 Former

28 (32.2)

34 (23.1)

 

39 (32.5)

35 (23.8)

 

46 (29.1)

17 (21.5)

 

62 (27.0)

 Current

21 (24.1)

33 (22.4)

 

34 (28.3)

30 (20.4)

 

41 (25.9)

16 (20.2)

 

53 (23.0)

 Missing

0 (0.0)

1 (0.7)

 

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

0 (0.0)

1 (1.3)

 

0 (0.0)

Grams alcohol/day, mean (SD)

14.4 (19.7)

10.8 (14.7)

0.13

12.0 (15.4)

11.0 (16.1)

0.60

12.1 (15.2)

13.0 (19.7)

0.72

12.2 (16.8)

Social mobility

 stable Non-manual

         

76 (33.0)

 Manual to Non-manual

         

79 (34.3)

 Non-Manual to Manual

         

10 (4.3)

 stable Manual

         

65 (28.3)

  1. Population features are also summarized for each SEP category.
  2. Counts and percentages are reported for categorical variable and means and standard deviations for continous variables.
  3. P-value for difference was calculated using the chi-squared test for categorical variables and the student’s t-test for continuous variables.
  4. *North: Turin & Varese; Central: Florence; South: Naples & Ragusa.