Table 4 The reduction in COPD mortality (%) if air pollution attained the target levels from 2007 to 2011.

From: The burden of COPD mortality due to ambient air pollution in Guangzhou, China

Target levels (μg/m3)#

Attributable fraction (%, 95% CI)#

PM10

SO2

NO2

No pollution (0,0,0)

10.91 (1.02–19.58)

12.71 (5.03–19.85)

13.38 (2.67–22.84)

NAAQS (150,80,150)

0.23 (0.02–0.44)

0.66 (0.25–1.07)

0.05 (0.01–0.08)

50% of NAAQS (75,40,75)

2.27 (0.20–4.21)

3.50 (1.34–5.58)

1.49 (0.28–2.67)

20% of NAAQS (30,16,30)

6.72 (0.60–12.28)

8.13 (3.22–12.74)

7.15 (1.37–12.50)

WHO targets (50,20,-)

4.31 (0.38–7.94)

7.15 (2.82–11.24)

  1. #The target levels of PM10, SO2 and NO2 are shown in parentheses; NAAQS: Chinese national ambient air quality standards.