Table 1 Summary of the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the development of parasitoid wing morphs.
Category | Factor | Effect on production of winged female progeny | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | Significance level | ||
Biotic | Maternal wing morph | Wingless | Winged | P < 0.001 (***) |
Brood size | High | Low | P = 0.014 (**) | |
Foundress densities | Low | High | P = 0.080 (N.S.) | |
Abiotic | Temperature | High | Low | P < 0.001 (***) |
Photoperiod | Short | Long | P < 0.001 (***) | |
Light intensity | Low | High | P < 0.001 (***) | |
