Table 1 Top 20 expressed genes in the mammary tissues at peak lactation.
Gene name | No. reads | Gene description | Gene function |
|---|---|---|---|
CSN2 | 52798009 | Casein beta | Major milk protein, important role in determination of the surface properties of the casein micelles, primary source of essential amino acids |
CSN1S1 | 41418928 | Casein alpha s1 | Major milk protein, important role in the capacity of milk to transport calcium phosphate |
LGB | 13940973 | Beta-lactoglobulin | Major milk protein, form a complex with fatty acids, a dominant allergen in cow’s milk |
CSN3 | 12996425 | Casein kappa | Major milk protein, stabilizes micelle formation, preventing casein precipitation in milk, primary source of essential amino acids |
CSN1S2 | 12986457 | Casein alpha-S2 | Major milk protein, important role in the capacity of milk to transport calcium phosphate |
LALBA | 6299787 | Lactalbumin, alpha | Major milk protein, regulatory subunit of lactose synthase, a mammary epithelial-specific protein |
GLYCAM1 | 2543039 | Glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1 | Pseudogene |
COX1 | 1962773 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I | Catalytic subunit of the enzyme, catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water |
FASN | 752434 | Fatty acid synthase | Catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, alonyl-CoA and NADPH |
COX3 | 620201 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III | Subunits I, II and III form the functional core of the enzyme complex |
MT-CYB | 563159 | Mitochondrially encoded cytochrome B | Component of the biquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex |
XDH | 486431 | Xanthine dehydrogenase | Oxidative metabolism of purines, essential for envelopment of milk fat globules |
MFGE8 | 472494 | Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein | Maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the promotion of mucosal healing |
EEF1A1 | 449681 | Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 | Subunit of elongation factor-1 complex, translation of proteins |
GPAM | 376487 | Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, mitochondrial | Encodes a mitochondrial enzyme, involving in glycerolipid biosynthesis |
ATP6 | 346573 | ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 | Hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity |
MT-ND3 | 344480 | Mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 3 | Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase |
ND1 | 323003 | NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity, oxidation-reduction process |
MT-ND4 | 307483 | Mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity, mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone |
SPP1 | 301080 | Secreted phosphoprotein 1 | Milk protein, up-regulates interferon-gamma and IL-12 |
