Figure 1
From: Free-Standing Undoped ZnO Microtubes with Rich and Stable Shallow Acceptors

Growth of free-standing undoped A-ZnO microtubes.
(a) Schematic of A-ZnO microrods/tubes growth by OVSP (as red region indicated in the top-view panel). (b) Mechanism of a single A-ZnO microrod growth by OVSP and microtube formation by thermal re-decomposition. The red dash circle indicates the decomposition area due to optical heating in an A-ZnO microrod. (d) Growing process of flower-like A-ZnO microtubes from a ceramic precursor rod. (d–g) The morphologies of hexagonal A-ZnO microrod and microtube growing at (d) 40 mins, (e) 60 mins, (f) 80 mins and (g) 100 mins.