Figure 3: Up-regulated Akt signaling mediated increased leptin production after PTX in vitro.

The differentiated adipocytes were pretreated with LY294002 (30 μM) for 30 min, and then co-stimulated with 10% preoperative (Pre PTX) or postoperative serum (Post PTX) for another 24 h. Leptin in media was measured using ELISA and leptin in cytoplasm was measured using Western blot analysis. Akt phosphorylation and expressions were detected by immunoblotting. (A) Akt phosphorylation and total Akt protein in cytoplasm detected by immunoblotting. (B,E) Densitometry analysis of immunoblotting images. (C) Leptin level in medium assessed using ELISA. (D) Leptin protein in cytoplasm detected by immunoblotting. The data from all the groups were normalized corresponding to the control at each time of exposure, respectively. Data were shown as mean ± SD, and error bars were pooled from at least three independent experiments.