Table 1 Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of study participants.

From: Hypoxia-inducible factor 3A gene expression and methylation in adipose tissue is related to adipose tissue dysfunction

 

Total

Lean

Overweight

Obese

NGT

T2D

CRP < 5

N

865

88

73

704

484

343

347

Men/Women

288/577

40/48

36/37

212/492

155/329

124/219

129/218

Age (years)

49 ± 13

62 ± 15aaa

62 ± 14

46 ± 11ccc

47 ± 15ddd

51 ± 10

49 ± 13

BMI (kg/m2)

44.3 ± 12.6

22.1 ± 2.3aaa

27.2 ± 1.3bbb

48.9 ± 9.0ccc

40.9 ± 12.9ddd

49.4 ± 10.8

41.8 ± 11.7eee

Body weight (kg)

129 ± 39

63 ± 9aaa

78 ± 9bbb

142 ± 30ccc

119 ± 41ddd

143 ± 33

122 ± 38eee

Height (m)

1.6 ± 0.1

1.68 ± 0.09

1.69 ± 0.09

1.69 ± 0.09

1.69 ± 0.1

1.69 ± 0.1

1.70 ± 0.09

Waist (cm)

126.8 ± 26.2

77.0 ± 13.7aaa

96.8 ± 13.8bbb

137.1 ± 19.7ccc

116.2 ± 28.2ddd

142.6 ± 22.0

124.0 ± 27.9

Hip (cm)

129.1 ± 28.7

86.3 ± 9.7aaa

102.4 ± 11.4bbb

141.5 ± 21.0ccc

126.0 ± 30.3dd

135.7 ± 24.7

127.0 ± 28.5

WHR

0.95 ± 0.13

0.90 ± 0.11aa

0.94 ± 0.08

0.97 ± 0.14

0.91 ± 0.12ddd

1.05 ± 0.08

0.95 ± 0.13

Visceral Fat area (cm2)

240 ± 172

45 ± 29aaa

119 ± 60bbb

313 ± 154ccc

177 ± 142ddd

392 ± 150

209 ± 175

SC fat area (cm2)

1093 ± 789

52 ± 26aaa

273 ± 171bbb

1509 ± 559ccc

992 ± 817ddd

1386 ± 671

920 ± 814e

CT ratio (vis/sc)

0.4 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.9aaa

0.5 ± 0.3bb

0.2 ± 0.1ccc

0.3 ± 0.4

0.5 ± 0.7

0.4 ± 0.5

Body Fat (%)

41.4 ± 11.5

19.0 ± 3.5

24.3 ± 3.9

45.1 ± 8.0

38.5 ± 13.0

44.3 ± 9.4

39.1 ± 11.0

CRP (mg/dl)

11.4 ± 14.4

14.9 ± 22.9

9.1 ± 13.1

11.2 ± 13.1

11.2 ± 15.6

12.1 ± 13.2

2.4 ± 1.5

IL-6 (pg/ml)

6.0 ± 5.2

2.2 ± 3.3

2.8 ± 2.4

7.0 ± 5.3

5.2 ± 4.6

7.5 ± 6.0

4.1 ± 1.3

HbA1c (%)

6.1 ± 1.2

5.3 ± 0.4

5.7 ± 0.6

6.1 ± 1.2

5.5 ± 0.5

6.9 ± 1.4

6.0 ± 1.0

oGTT2h (mmol/l)

7.0 ± 2.6

6.0 ± 1.0

6.1 ± 0.9

7.4 ± 2.9

6.3 ± 1.0

14.8 ± 5.9

6.6 ± 1.7

FPG (mmol/l)

6.5 ± 2.5

5.5 ± 1.0

5.9 ± 1.5

6.7 ± 2.7

5.4 ± 1.0

8.1 ± 3.2

6.1 ± 2.1

FPI (pmol/)

123.1 ± 133.8

10.8 ± 20.6

68.0 ± 92.5

146.4 ± 137.2

62.4 ± 70.8

206.2 ± 156.4

109.7 ± 121.7

GIR (μmol/kg/min)

75.1 ± 33.4

102.5 ± 18.5

77.7 ± 25.8

56.9 ± 31.2

90.6 ± 21.4

30.5 ± 23.5

85.3 ± 28.3

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.9 ± 1.0

5.1 ± 0.8

5.0 ± 1.1

4.9 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 1.0

4.9 ± 1.0

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.2 ± 0.3

1.7 ± 0.5

1.4 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.4

LDL-C (mmol/l)

3.1 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 1.0

3.2 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 0.9

3.1 ± 0.9

3.0 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 0.9

FFA (mmol/l)

0.5 ± 0.4

0.2 ± 0.2

0.3 ± 0.3

0.6 ± 0.3

0.3 ± 0.3

0.8 ± 0.3

0.5 ± 0.3

TG (mmol/l)

1.8 ± 1.1

1.1 ± 0.4aaa

1.2 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 1.1ccc

1.4 ± 0.9ddd

2.1 ± 1.1

1.8 ± 1.1

Leptin (ng/ml)

39.3 ± 24.2

4.8 ± 3.7aaa

12.4 ± 7.0bbb

45.4 ± 21.8ccc

37.1 ± 23.9

41.2 ± 25.0

35.6 ± 22.7e

Adiponectin (μg/ml)

6.9 ± 4.4

14.3 ± 6.2aaa

8.8 ± 3.5bbb

6.0 ± 3.3ccc

8.5 ± 4.7ddd

4.9 ± 3.1

7.1 ± 4.2

Albumin (g/L)

28.1 ± 18.9

32.9 ± 7.7

34.4 ± 13.2

26.9 ± 20.2

27.1 ± 18.8

28.6 ± 19.6

29.5 ± 20.0

ALAT (μkat/l)

0.6 ± 0.5

0.4 ± 0.3aaa

0.5 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 0.5ccc

0.6 ± 0.4d

0.7 ± 0.5

0.7 ± 0.4

ASAT (μkat/l)

0.6 ± 2.3

0.4 ± 0.3

0.4 ± 0.2

0.6 ± 2.5

0.6 ± 3.0

0.6 ± 0.5

0.5 ± 0.3

gGT (μkat/l)

0.9 ± 1.3

1.0 ± 1.4

1.0 ± 1.5

0.8 ± 1.3

0.8 ± 1.0d

1.0 ± 1.7

0.7 ± 0.9e

TSH (mU/l)

1.9 ± 7.9

1.5 ± 2.1

1.5 ± 1.9

2.1 ± 8.8

1.7 ± 1.8

2.3 ± 12.4

1.4 ± 1.0

fT3 (pg/ml)

4.6 ± 0.9

4.5 ± 1.0

4.4 ± 0.7

4.7 ± 0.9c

4.5 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 0.9

fT4 (pmol/l)

17.1 ± 1.4

17.2 ± 3.3

17.5 ± 3.2

16.9 ± 3.5

16.9 ± 3.4d

17.4 ± 3.4

17.6 ± 3.3e

Leucocytes/nl

8.1 ± 2.7

7.5 ± 3.2

7.4 ± 3.1

8.2 ± 2.6c

2.1 ± 0.5

2.1 ± 0.5

7.4 ± 2.2e

Erythrocytes (Mio/μl)

4.7 ± 0.8

4.6 ± 2.7

4.3 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.4

4.7 ± 1.0

4.7 ± 0.4

4.7 ± 0.4

Thrombocytes (109/l)

260 ± 81

252 ± 108

241 ± 71

261 ± 79

261 ± 73

259 ± 88

232 ± 66e

  1. Data are means ± SD; a,b,c,d,ep < 0.05, aa,bb,cc,dd,eep < 0.01, aaa,bbb,ccc,ddd,eeep < 0.001 for comparison between (a) lean and obese, (b) lean and overweight, (c) overweight and obese, (d) type 2 diabetes subjects (T2D) and subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and (e) CRP < 5 and the entire cohort. 51 subjects with type 1 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance were not considered for group comparison. BMI – Body Mass Index, WHR – waist-to-hip ratio, sc - subcutaneous, TG – Triglycerides, ALAT – alanine aminotransferase, ASAT - aspartate aminotransferase, gGT - Gamma-glutamyl transferase, TSH – thyroid-stimulating hormone, fT3 – free triiodothyronine, fT4 – free tetraiodothyronine, CRP – C-reactive protein, IL-6 – Interleukin 6, HbA1c – Glycohemoglobin, oGTT – oral Glucose Tolerance Test, FPG – Fasting plasma glucose, FPI – Fasting plasma insulin, GIR – Glucose infusion rate during the steady state of an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, HDL-C – high Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C – Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, FFA – Free Fatty Acids.
Back to article page