Figure 2

Leptin promotes lymphangiogenesis by VEGF-C production in human chondrosarcoma.

JJ012 cells were stimulated with leptin for 24 h, the VEGF-C mRNA level and protein expression in culture medium were measured by qPCR (A) and ELISA (B). JJ012 cells were stimulated with leptin for 24 h, or preincubated with IgG control antibody or VEGF-C antibody (1 μg/mL) for 30 min then incubated with leptin (300 nM) for 24 h. The incubated media were collected and defined as conditioned medium (CM). The CM were added to LECs and examined tube formation activity (C). The CM were also added into the lower chamber of Transwell. The LECs were applied in the upper chamber and the migrated LECs was quantified (D). The quantitative results were expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 as compared with control group; ^#P < 0.05 as compared with leptin-treated group.