Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Three-dimensional bioprinting using self-assembling scalable scaffold-free “tissue strands” as a new bioink

Figure 4

Functional and transcriptional characterization of tissue strands.

(a) Functional evaluations of cartilage tissue strands showing positive staining of Safranin-O compared to native cartilage (positive control). (b) sGAG content measurement by DMMB assay type in comparison to native cartilage (control). (c) Positive type II collagen and Aggrecan staining compared to isotype IgG antibody (negative control). (d) Real-time PCR analysis of tissue strands demonstrating significant expression of cartilage-specific genes including Sox9, COL2A and ACAN compared to monolayer-cultured bovine articular chondrocytes (n=3). All data presented as average ± SD unless otherwise stated.

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