Figure 1: Serum IL-34, M-CSF, sCD163, MIP-3α/CCL20, hyaluronic acid, type IV collagen 7s, APRI, FIB-4 index, and NFS increase of NAFLD patients with progression of fibrosis.

Serum interleukin-34 (IL-34), other biomarkers and fibrosis scores are shown for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) stratified by the stage of fibrosis (Brunt’s criteria). IL-34 (A), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) (B), soluble CD163 (sCD163) (C), macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha/C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (MIP-3α/CCL20) (D), hyaluronic acid (E), type IV collagen 7s (F), aspartate transaminase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) (G), FIB-4 index (H), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) (I). Box plots represent the interquartile range and the whiskers show the minimum and maximum values. The line of each box shows the median. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 by Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test HV, healthy volunteer; 0–1, Stage 0–1 (Brunt’s criteria); 2, Stage 2; 3, Stage 3, 4, Stage 4.