Table 1 Clinical, renal Doppler ultrasonographic, and echocardiographic characteristics of study patients.

From: Systolic time intervals derived from electrocardiographic gated intra-renal artery Doppler waveform associated with left ventricular systolic function

 

All patients (number = 230)

Clinical characteristics

 Age (year)

64.0 ± 12.2

 Male gender (%)

61.5

 Diabetes mellitus (%)

32.5

 Hypertension (%)

73.2

 Coronary artery disease (%)

16.9

 Stroke (%)

8.7

 Congestive heart failure (%)

16.5

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

133.7 ± 18.6

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

75.8 ± 11.4

 Heart rate (min−1)

68.8 ± 11.7

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.4 ± 3.8

 Triglyceride (mg/dL)

135.4 ± 77.6

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

192.5 ± 20.7

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

60.7 ± 20.7

 Chronic kidney disease (%)

37.1

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

13.4 ± 2.0

 ACEI use (%)

18.2

 ARB use (%)

43.7

 β-blocker use (%)

44.2

 Calcium channel blocker use (%)

45.9

 Diuretics use (%)

32.5

Renal Doppler ultrasound

 Renal resistive index

0.69 ± 0.08

 rPEP (ms)

123.7 ± 23.7

 rET (ms)

303.0 ± 36.8

 rPEP/rET

0.42 ± 0.11

Echocardiographic data

 PEP (ms)

67.7 ± 15.1

 ET (ms)

294.8 ± 34.5

 PEP/ET

0.23 ± 0.07

 LAD (mm)

36.8 ± 6.1

 LVEDD (mm)

51.4 ± 7.3

 LVESD (mm)

33.5 ± 9.3

 LVMI (g/m2)

143.5 ± 45.5

 LVEF (%)

64.0 ± 12.7

 E (cm/s)

68.7 ± 19.7

 EDT (ms)

216.3 ± 68.3

 Ea (cm/s)

7.8 ± 2.4

 E/Ea

9.8 ± 4.6

  1. Abbreviations. A, transmitral A wave velocity; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker; E, transmitral E wave velocity; Ea, early diastolic mitral velocity; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; ET, ejection time; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic dimension; ms, millisecond; PEP, pre-ejection period; rET, renal ejection time; rPEP, renal pre-ejection period.