Figure 4: Genetic differentiation of Aedes albopictus populations.
From: Importance of mosquito “quasispecies” in selecting an epidemic arthropod-borne virus
(a) Map showing the four E1-A226V substitution emergence events in La Réunion Island33, India55, Cameroon36 and Gabon37 and spreading of CHIKV ECSA lineage correlated with the presence of Ae. albopictus. Date of introduction or first description of Ae. albopictus in the country is indicated. (b) Neighbor-joining cluster analysis (unrooted) based on Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards’s chord distance. Apparent root (CAL from India) is for visual purposes only. Numbers indicate bootstrap values above 65%. Genotyping included DNA extraction from 30 mosquitoes (15 males and 15 females), PCR amplification of 11 microsatellites and sequencing of fragments for scoring haplotypes. A dendrogram based on microsatellite Cavalli-Sforza & Edwards’s genetic distance clustering by the NJ method was constructed using 16 Ae. albopictus populations: ALPROV, Saint-Denis, La Réunion; BL, Bar-sur-Loup, France; CAL, Calcutta, India; CONG, Brazzaville, Congo; JRB, Jurujuba, Brazil; MAN, Manaus, Brazil; MFILOU, Brazzaville, Congo; MIA, Misiones, Argentina; MXA, Tapachula, Mexico; PNA, Colon, Panama; PNM, Parnamirim, Brazil; SAN, Santos, Brazil; STANDRE, Saint-André, La Réunion; STR, Santarém, Brazil; TYS, Tyson, United States; VRB, Florida, United states. F1 mosquitoes were used except for the lab colony CAL. The map was modified using PowerPoint from http://www.powerpointslides.net/powerpointgraphics/powerpointmaps.html using a map previously published in56.
