Table 1 Maternal, fetal and delivery specific variables in women with normal pregnancies (Ctrl), gestational diabetes (GDM, IADPSG) and preeclampsia (PE) in the RNAseq (n = 30) and RT-qPCR (n = 475) cohorts.

From: Gene expression in term placentas is regulated more by spinal or epidural anesthesia than by late-onset preeclampsia or gestational diabetes mellitus

Characteristics

RNAseq

RT-qPCR

Ctrl (n = 10)

GDM (n = 10)

PE (n = 10)

Ctrl (n = 353)

GDM (n = 103)

PE (n = 19)

Maternal

Age (years)

31.9 ± 4.4

32.6 ± 5.4

30.3 ± 3.2

31.4 ± 3.9

32.3 ± 4.4**

30.4 ± 3.8

BMI visit 1 (kg/m2)

22.6 (20.2, 24.9)

27.1 (24.9, 30.4)*

26.6 (22.8, 31.4)

23.8 (21.6, 25.8)

26.0 (23.5, 28.8)**

28.6 (24.5, 31.4)**

BMI visit 4 (kg/m2)

25.7 (23.4, 27.2)

29.3 (28.2, 33.7)*

30.0 (26.5, 35.2)

27.4 (25.0, 29.7)

29.0 (27.1, 32.0)**

32.6 (27.3, 35.4)**

Smokersa n (%)

1 (10)

3 (30)

1 (10)

73 (20)

29 (30)

3 (16)

Primiparab n (%)

3 (33)

4 (40)

7 (70)

191 (55)

42 (42)*

13 (68)

SBP visit 1 (mmHg)

110 (100, 120)

113 (110, 136)

113 (110, 120)

110 (100, 115)

115 (105, 120)**

120 (110, 120)**

SBP visit 4 (mmHg)

113 (110, 119)

115 (108, 135)

130 (118, 141)

110 (105, 120)

115 (110, 120)**

130 (120, 138)**

DBP visit 1 (mmHg)

70 (60, 70)

70 (60, 76)

70 (65, 80)

65 (60, 70)

70 (60, 75)*

70 (65, 80)*

DBP visit 4 (mmHg)

70 (63, 75)

73 (70, 83)

83 (79, 96)**

70 (65, 80)

70 (65, 80)

83 (76, 90)**

Delivery specific

Anesthesia (spinal, epidural, pudendal, general), n (%)

5,1,0,0 (50,10,0,0)

2,2,1,1 (20,20,10,10)

2,4,0,0 (20,40,0,0)

57,149,14,3 (16,42,0,1)

26,27,3,2 (25,36,2,1)

4,8,1,0 (21,42,5,0)

Cesarean delivery, n (%)

3 (30)

3 (30)

2 (20)

52 (10)

29 (27)**

5 (26)

Duration of labor (hours)c

10.0 (4.0, 13.0)

4.0 (3.0, 7.0)

5.5 (2.3, 9.3)

7.0 (4.0, 11.0)

5.0 (3.0, 8.0)**

3.8 (2.0, 7.0)*

Induced labor, n (%)d

0 (0)

2 (29)

5 (50)

58 (18)

30 (35)**

11 (65)**

Fetal

Gestational age (weeks)

39.9 (38.7, 40.6)

39.6 (38.7, 40.2)

40.1 (39.4, 40.3)

40.4 (39.4, 41.0)

40.0 (39.0, 41.0)

39.7 (38.6, 40.3)**

Birth weight (g)

3601 ± 498

3834 ± 454

3664 ± 597

3624 ± 482

3795 ± 502**

3698 ± 589

Female (%)

5 (50)

5 (50)

4 (40)

157 (48)

54 (52)

11 (58)

Placental weight (g)

700 (630, 785)

890 (705, 943)*

675 (587, 736)

700 (610, 800)

750 (630, 900)*

700 (610, 760)

  1. Data given as mean ± SD when normal distributed and median (25th, 75th) when skewed distributed. Comparison between placentas from women with GDM and controls, and PE and controls, were performed using t-test for normal distributed variables, Mann-Whitney U for non-distributed continuous variables, and Chi” test for categorical variables. For categorical variables with less than five observations Fisher’s exact test was used. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 vs. controls. Preterm delivery (n = 12) and hypertension (n = 7) which is not included in these groups, are excluded from the control group. abefore pregnancy, bmissing one value (Ctrl = 1), cmissing eight values (Ctrl = 3, GDM = 3, PE = 2) in RNAseq and 100 values in qPCR, dinitiated by oxytocin or prostaglandin, missing five values (Ctrl = 2, GDM = 3) in RNAseq and 50 values in qPCR.
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