Figure 1: Predicted standardized values of selected phenotypes by polygenic score (+1 or −1 standard deviations), across birth cohorts among genotyped respondents in the Health and Retirement Study (N = 8,865).
From: Changing Polygenic Penetrance on Phenotypes in the 20th Century Among Adults in the US Population
Height (p < 0.05) and BMI (p < 0.001) polygenic scores become more predictive in later birth cohorts while education (p < 0.05) and heart disease (p < 0.05) PGSs become less predictive. Depression does not show a significant trend. The lines show fitted values for those at 1 SD above (gray) and below (black) the mean. Points are based on binned means for two groups of respondents (standardized value below 0, black; standardized value above 0, dark gray). For each group, the distribution of birth years is divided into 20 subgroups with approximately equal numbers. Plotted points are the mean birth year and response for these subgroups.
