Figure 1: Comparison of fecal microbiota structure among healthy controls and treated and untreated HIV-1-infected groups.

The Shannon (A) and Simpson (B) indices were used to estimate the diversity (i.e., a combined assessment of the number of 97% similar bacterial taxa and their abundance) of fecal microbiota. Rarefaction curves were used to estimate the richness (at a 97% level of similarity) of fecal microbiota among the three groups (C). The vertical axis shows the number of OTUs expected after sampling the number of tags or sequences shown on the horizontal axis. Rank abundance curves of bacterial OTUs derived from the three groups (D). The Venn diagram illustrates the overlap of OTUs in fecal microbiota among the three groups (E). Plot of principal coordinate analysis of the fecal microbiota based on the unweighted UniFrac metric (F).