Figure 2: Resveratrol improves, whereas rapamycin impairs, glucose homeostasis.

(A,B) Blood glucose levels (repeated measures two-way ANOVA after Bonferroni’s post hoc test, F = 13.88; P < 0.005 for interaction, F = 186.0; P < 0.005 for time, F = 92.14; P < 0.005 for diet, ^*P < 0.05; ^**P < 0.005 compared with NCD-CT, ^#P < 0.05; ^##P < 0.005 compared with HFD-CT) and (C) area under the curve (AUC) during the glucose tolerance test (GTT) (n = 5 per group). (D) Fasting blood glucose levels (n = 10 per group). (E,F) Blood glucose levels (repeated measures two-way ANOVA after Bonferroni’s post hoc test, F = 3.33; P = 0.06 for interaction, F = 19.65; P < 0.005 for time, F = 5.63; P = 0.08 for diet, ^*P < 0.05; ^**P < 0.005 compared with NCD-CT) and (G) AUC during the insulin tolerance test (ITT) (n = 3 per group). (H) Fasting serum insulin levels (n = 5 per group). (I) HOMA2 indices and (J) QUICKI were calculated from fasting glucose and insulin levels (n = 5 per group). (K) The rate constant for plasma glucose disappearance (K_ITT) during the insulin tolerance test (ITT) (n = 3 per group). Mice were overnight-fasted (16 h) before the GTT and ITT. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. F- and p-values are from two-way ANOVA after Bonferroni’s post hoc test. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.005.