Table 2 Average age of the shiftpoints (in Ma) and the percentage of time since clade inception to the shiftpoints.

From: Progress to extinction: increased specialisation causes the demise of animal clades

Major Clade

clade

shiftpoints

p.dist

area.test

net.t

slope

p.slope

Ammonites

Desmoceratidae

101.7 (56.8%)

0.001

0.68

0

−10941.1

0.659

Anthozoans

Auloporida

393.9 (28.5%)

0.007

136.64

0

−1486.7

0.059

Anthozoans

Auloporida

288.3 (85.6%)

0.024

504.43

0

9156.0

0.151

Anthozoans

Cystiphyllida

393.1 (84.5%)

0.184

0

0

164389.6

NA

Anthozoans

Favositida

415.5 (17.8%)

0.003

30.98

0

−9464.8

0.000

Anthozoans

Favositida

383.1 (34.2%)

0.002

32.11

0

−1562.2

0.012

Anthozoans

Stauriida

358.8 (47.7%)

1.000

16.88

0

−2772.6

0.000

Anthozoans

Stauriida

361.2 (46.5%)

0.199

18.05

0

−2772.6

0.000

Anthozoans

Stauriida

372.9 (40.7%)

1.000

23.38

0

−2810.6

0.000

Bivalves

Pterineidae

400.5 (27.2%)

0.046

25.09

0

−4884.8

0.046

Brachiopods

Athyridida

306.4 (55.3%)

0.870

13.55

0

−2118.5

0.014

Brachiopods

Athyridida

284.9 (63.3%)

0.298

12.78

0

−810.1

0.325

Brachiopods

Orthida

372.8 (50.2%)

0.780

53.97

0

−1040.8

0.000

Brachiopods

Orthida

360.2 (55.4%)

0.512

49.33

0

−916.3

0.011

Brachiopods

Orthotetida

404.7 (24.9%)

0.003

14.79

1

−951.8

0.251

Brachiopods

Orthotetida

347.4 (53.2%)

0.002

22.37

0.974

886.4

0.601

Brachiopods

Orthotetida

294.7 (79.2%)

0.000

13.73

0

8810.1

0.211

Brachiopods

Productida

276.9 (87.1%)

0.038

0.03

0

18956.9

0.144

Brachiopods

Spiriferida

316.9 (64.6%)

1.000

45.61

0.014

453.7

0.732

Brachiopods

Spiriferinida

258.3 (38.0%)

0.016

0.909

0

219.1

0.335

Brachiopods

Strophomenida

406.7 (43.0%)

0.004

61.31

0

−6006.0

0.068

Bryozoans

Cystoporida

276.5 (86.5%)

0.021

0.69

0

48723.2

0.093

Bryozoans

Fenestrida

292 (78.3%)

0.000

0.08

0

−4184.0

0.612

Bryozoans

Rhabdomesida

294 (79.8%)

0.021

1.67

0

−10506.9

0.008

Bryozoans

Trepostomida

399.4 (19.9%)

0.000

34.08

0

1655.2

0.003

Bryozoans

Trepostomida

274.2 (59.8%)

0.003

44.81

0

2291.5

0.023

Gastropods

Bellerophontidae

324.2 (66.0%)

0.000

1.09

0

4228.9

0.046

Gastropods

Euomphalidae

356.7 (48.8%)

0.000

74.53

0

−5382.5

0.003

Gastropods

Lophospiridae

294.3 (62.4%)

0.059

82.41

0

−4851.4

0.004

Trilobites

Proetidae

375.2 (58.0%)

0.045

58.74

0

−22289.3

0.148

  1. The probability that the distance among shift points is lower than expected by chance (p.dist). The ratio of the percentage of area per unit time between the total range and the clade range curves after the average shiftpoint as compared to the same figure before the shiftpoint (see Fig. 1 for further explanation)(area.test). The probability that net diversification rates decrease after the shiftpoint (net.t). The slope of the regression between the average species range and time after the shiftpoint (slope) and the probability that such a regression slope is different from zero (p.slope). Values in bold indicate compliance to weak directionality theory.