Table 1 Coalescence time and frequencies of 21 major haplogroups of Tibetan highlanders.
From: MtDNA analysis reveals enriched pathogenic mutations in Tibetan highlanders
Tibetans (n = 157) | Dengs (n = 91) | Lhobas (n = 91) | Sherpas (n = 76) | Monpas (n = 17) | Highlanders (n = 432) | Soares Complete Rate T(kya) ± SD(kya) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n a | ρ-based Method | ML Method | |||||||
G3b1 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 8.49 ± 1.79 | 10.46 ± 2.68 |
M13a2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 13 | 14.66 ± 4.47 | 10.68 ± 3.10 |
M33b1a1 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 1.29 ± 0.64 | 1.54 ± 1.13 |
M62 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 26.41 ± 4.46 | 24.24 ± 5.09 |
C4a3b | 1 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 0 | 18 | 21 | 9.31 ± 2.55 | 9.05 ± 2.37 |
Z3b | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 10 | 5.22 ± 2.37 | 7.54 ± 10.68 |
D4h1c1a1 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 7.22 ± 3.11 | 5.94 ± 6.68 |
D4j1a1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 40 | 6.95 ± 1.50 | 5.94 ± 1.75 |
D4j1b | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 11.22 ± 2.57 | 11.33 ± 3.41 |
D5a2c | 3 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 27 | 7.51 ± 0.98 | 10.46 ± 1.75 |
M9a1a1c1b | 33 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 52 | 88 | 10.95 ± 3.60 | 9.48 ± 4.35 |
M9a1a2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 23 | 7.89 ± 2.65 | 8.51 ± 9.70 |
M9a1b1c | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 12 | 16 | 7.39 ± 2.13 | 6.79 ± 1.85 |
M9a1b1d | 3 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 44 | 7.40 ± 2.77 | 7.54 ± 1.85 |
A11a | 9 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 24 | 8.45 ± 2.23 | 7.54 ± 2.78 |
A15c1a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 14 | 14 | 1.66 ± 0.88 | 1.33 ± 1.13 |
A6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 14 | 12.55 ± 2.20 | 14.54 ± 2.58 |
F1c1a2a1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 5.22 ± 3.18 | 5.35 ± 4.00 |
F1d1a | 1 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 11 | 4.51 ± 1.14 | 4.04 ± 1.44 |
F1d5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 6.82 ± 3.15 | 8.50 ± 5.20 |
F1g | 7 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 9.22 ± 1.12 | 9.37 ± 1.33 |
