Table 1 Demographic information for subjects in each group.

From: Altered Intranetwork and Internetwork Functional Connectivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Cognitive Impairment

 

HC (n = 19)

DMCN (n = 19)

DMCI (n = 19)

F/χ2 value

P value

Gender (female: male)

11:8

12:7

14:5

1.078

0.583*

Age (years)

60.21 ± 5.35

59.53 ± 6.17

61.95 ± 5.93

0.872

0.424†

Education (years)

10.68 ± 2.75

11.95 ± 3.21

10.58 ± 3.06

1.215

0.305†

diabetes duration (years)

—

5.64 ± 4.57

8.84 ± 7.58

—

0.058‡

HbA1c (%)

5.37 ± 0.35

6.98 ± 1.32a

8.31 ± 1.53a,b

29.263

<0.001†

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

5.16 ± 0.48

10.20 ± 3.22a

10.37 ± 2.05a

33.656

<0.001†

Postprandial glucose

—

14.97 ± 4.42

14.56 ± 4.91

—

0.788‡

MMSE

28.74 ± 1.05

28.63 ± 0.96

24.63 ± 3.51a,b

21.738

<0.001†

MoCA

27.53 ± 0.91

28.21 ± 0.63

24.63 ± 3.10a,b

19.058

<0.001†

ADL

100 ± 0.00

99.31 ± 2.98

99.74 ± 1.15

0.665

0.518†

HIS

1.05 ± 0.62

2.05 ± 1.13a

2.11 ± 0.99a

7.570

0.001†

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation or number (%) unless otherwise indicated. *The p value was obtained using a Pearson Chi-square test (2-sided). †The p value was obtained using an Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA). ‡The p value was obtained using a 2-Tailed t-test between DMCN and DMCI groups. aSignificant compared to HC. bSignificant compared to DMCN.