Figure 4

(a) Multiple-choice tests with females M. domestica on cotton, maize powder, and wheat bran. Paraffin oil was used as control. Error bars indicate ± s. e. m. (EL: ethyl linoleate, EP: ethyl palmitate, L: linoleic acid, ML: methyl linoleate, PO: paraffin oil control; One-way ANOVA, cotton: F_{4, 45} = 6.97, P < 0.001, maize powder: F_{4, 145} = 4.81, P = 0.001, wheat bran: F_{4, 70} = 0.86, P = 0.492, Tukey HSD multiple comparison test, similar letters above bars indicate no significant differences at 0.05 level between chemical treatments). (b) Two-choice tests for females M. domestica on two substrates. Paraffin oil was used as a control. Asterisk indicates significant difference between the control and MIMIC odorant treatment. (Two-way ANOVA, F_{1, 105} = 4.644, P = 0.034). Error bars indicate ± s. e. m. (c) Oviposition index in the field trial in Mali for the five compounds on chicken manure. The asterisk indicates a significant difference between the control and MIMIC odor (Independent samples t test, t = 0.023). Error bars indicate ± s. e. m.