Table 1 Participant Characteristics by Quartiles of Grip Strength per Body Weighta.
Characteristics | Quartiles of grip strength per body weight (range, kg/kg) | P for trendb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level 1 (0.08–0.40) | Level 2 (0.40–0.48) | Level 3 (0.48–0.56) | Level 4 (0.56–1.12) | ||
No. of subjects | 5,240 | 5,239 | 5,238 | 5,240 | Â |
Age (y) | 42.1 (41.7, 42.1)c | 39.3 (38.9, 39.3) | 39.3 (38.9, 39.6) | 37.7 (37.7, 38.1) | <0.001 |
Sex (males, %) | 14.1 | 35.6 | 63.7 | 90.5 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 (25.0, 25.2) | 24.0 (23.9, 24.1) | 24.0 (23.9, 24.1) | 23.3 (23.2, 23.4) | <0.001 |
Metabolic syndromes (yes, %) | 27.6 | 24.1 | 25.9 | 18.2 | <0.001 |
Diabetes (yes, %) | 11.6 | 9.85 | 11.4 | 9.50 | <0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia (yes, %) | 45.9 | 43.1 | 44.3 | 41.6 | <0.001 |
ALT (U/L) | 16.8 (16.4, 16.9) | 17.1 (16.8, 17.5) | 19.1 (18.7, 19.3) | 19.5 (19.3, 19.9) | <0.001 |
Physical activity (Mets × hour/week) | 8.85 (8.58, 9.21) | 9.49 (9.12, 9.87) | 9.97 (9.68, 10.38) | 11.0 (10.6, 11.4) | <0.001 |
Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 2143.1 (2121.8, 2186.4) | 2230.5 (2208.3, 2253.0) | 2321.6 (2275.6, 2344.9) | 2440.6 (2416.3, 2465.1) | 0.35 |
Smoking status (%) | |||||
 Smoker | 6.67 | 14.3 | 23.1 | 33.1 | <0.001 |
 Ex-smoker | 1.99 | 4.41 | 6.48 | 8.23 | <0.001 |
Drinker status (%) | |||||
 Everyday | 1.19 | 2.09 | 4.54 | 5.65 | <0.001 |
 Sometime | 42.3 | 51.6 | 62.2 | 71.1 | <0.001 |
 Ex-drinker | 9.52 | 9.69 | 9.50 | 9.16 | 0.48 |
Educational level (≥college graduate, %) | 55.6 | 66.1 | 69.0 | 70.0 | <0.001 |
Employment status (%) | |||||
 Managers | 39.3 | 42.1 | 45.8 | 42.6 | <0.001 |
 Professionals | 12.0 | 15.8 | 18.2 | 22.9 | <0.001 |
Household income (>10,000 Yuan, %) | 29.6 | 31.6 | 34.0 | 32.8 | <0.001 |
Family history of diseases (%) | |||||
 CVD | 42.1 | 40.0 | 40.3 | 37.4 | <0.001 |
 Hypertension | 56.3 | 54.1 | 53.9 | 51.3 | <0.01 |
 Hyperlipidemia | 9.18 | 9.30 | 9.55 | 8.61 | 0.41 |
 Diabetes | 39.7 | 37.4 | 38.0 | 33.2 | <0.001 |
