Figure 1: Conceptual schematic diagram of our capacitance sensor.
From: Real-time and label-free monitoring of nanoparticle cellular uptake using capacitance-based assays

The capacitance sensor array was composed of 16 well sensors with interdigitated Au electrodes on a glass substrate. Acrylic wells were attached to the array. The structure of this sensor allows for optical and capacitance measurements to be taken simultaneously in real-time. Red = cell cytoplasm; blue = cell nucleus; green = NPs; sky blue = electric circuit of the cell and capacitance sensor.