Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: Aguamiel concentrate from Agave salmiana and its extracted saponins attenuated obesity and hepatic steatosis and increased Akkermansia muciniphila in C57BL6 mice

Figure 5

Aguamiel concentrate and its saponins increased energy expenditure and muscle oxidative capacity in C57BL6 mice.

(A,B) Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and (C,D) oxygen consumption during the fasting and feeding stages. Relative protein expression for (E) PGC-1α and (F) the phosphorylated AMPK ratio (P-AMPK/AMPK). Skeletal muscle tissue histochemically stained for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in (G) the soleus and gastrocnemius. Quantification of SDH staining in (H) soleus and (I) gastrocnemius. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Mean values with different letters where a > b > c are significantly different at P < 0.05. C: control; HF: High-fat; HFAC: High-fat with aguamiel concentrate; HFL: High-fat with low saponin dose; HFH: High-fat with high saponin dose.

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