Table 2 Average difference (95% CIs) in cortical thickness (μm) associated with coronary artery calcification scores* (n = 512).

From: Coronary artery calcium is associated with cortical thinning in cognitively normal individuals

 

Global

Frontal

Temporal

Parietal

Occipital

Crude model

 Continuous CAC score

−8.6 (−12.3, −4.9)

−10.2 (−10.1, −6.2)

−7.8 (−13.1, −2.5)

−9.2 (−13.8, −4.5)

−6.1 (−10.5, −1.8)

CAC score category

 0

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

 >0–100

−13.8 (−36.2, 8.6)

−17.3 (−41.5, 6.9)

−16.1 (−48.2, 16.0)

−10.1 (−38.3, 18.0)

0.2 (−25.8, 26.3)

 >100–400

−42.1 (−68.8, −15.5)

−53.5 (−82.3, −24.7)

−25.1 (−63.2, 13.1)

−50.7 (−84.2, −17.3)

−26.9 (−58.0, 4.1)

 >400

−67.2 (−97.8, −36.5)

−76.2 (−109.2, −43.1)

−65.1 (−108.9, −21.2)

−69.7 (−108.1, −31.1)

−52.1 (−87.8, −16.4)

 P for trend

<0.001

<0.001

0.005

<0.001

0.002

Model 1

 Continuous CAC score

−3.6 (−7.8, 0.6)

−4.7 (−9.3, −0.1)

−1.9 (−8.1, 4.4)

−4.2 (−9.6, 1.2)

−3.9 (−8.7, 0.9)

CAC score category

 0

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

 >0–100

4.1 (−18.4, 26.5)

1.6 (−22.9, 26.1)

4.8 (−28.6, 38.2)

8.6 (−20.3, 37.4)

11.2 (−14.5, 36.8)

 >100–400

−14.0 (−42.1, 14.1)

−22.6 (−53.2, 8.1)

8.2 (−33.6, 50.1)

−21.7 (−57.8, 14.4)

−13.9 (−46.0, 18.2)

 >400

−30.1 (−63.1, 2.8)

−35.7 (−71.7, 0.3)

−19.5 (−68.6, 29.6)

−34.5 (−76.9, 7.9)

−34.1 (−72.9, 3.6)

 P for trend

0.052

0.026

0.604

0.055

0.049

Model 2

 Continuous CAC score

−3.6 (−7.8, 0.5)

−4.8 (−9.3, −0.2)

−1.9 (−8.1, 4.2)

−4.2 (−9.6, 1.2)

−3.9 (−8.7, 0.9)

CAC score category

 0

reference

reference

reference

reference

reference

 >0–100

4.3 (−17.9, 26.7)

2.1 (−22.3, 26.4)

5.3 (−27.9, 38.5)

8.6 (−20.3, 37.4)

11.3 (−14.3, 36.9)

 >100–400

−13.8 (−41.7, 14.1)

−22.3 (−52.8, 8.1)

8.5 (−33.0, 50.1)

−21.7 (−57.8, 14.4)

−13.8 (−45.9, 18.3)

 >400

−30.7 (−63.5, 2.1)

−36.4 (−72.2, −0.7)

−20.5 (−69.3, 28.3)

−34.5 (−76.9, 7.8)

−34.4 (−72.1, 3.3)

 P for trend

0.047

0.023

0.580

0.055

0.048

  1. Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, smoking status, alcohol intake, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and ICV. Model 2: Further adjusted for WMH category. Abbreviations: CAC = coronary artery calcium; BMI = body mass index; ICV = intracranial volume; WMH = white matter hyperintensities.
  2. *Adjusted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from linear mixed models using natural log (CAC score + 1) as the exposure.
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