Figure 4

(a) The HDS dosages-dependent surface hydrophobicities of the patterns for the suppression of “coffee stains” on the test strips created with different HDS percentages. (b) The APS dosage-dependent surface hydrophilicities and fluorescent intensities of Au-AgNCs on test strips treated using APS of different percentages, showing different surface contact angles, the photographs of test strips under UV light, and the ratios of optical densities of Au-AgNCs in ρ2/ρ1.