Figure 1

Principle of the Technique for the Simultaneous Generation and Steering of Multiple OAM Beams.

(a) The concept of using an antenna array for the simultaneous generation and steering of multiple OAM beams. x: horizontal direction; y: vertical direction; z: direction perpendicular to the antenna array plane; Mod: modulator; Comb.: beam combiner; τ: time delay. (b) The relative phase change in the azimuthal direction for OAM generation and the relative phase for horizontal beam steering. (c) The design of an antenna array for the generation and steering of two OAM beams. τ₁₁, τ₁₂, τ₁₃, τ₁₄, τ₁₅, τ₁₆, τ₁₇ and τ₁₈, are designed for the generation and steering of one OAM beam, while τ₂₁, τ₂₂, τ₂₃, τ₂₄, τ₂₅, τ₂₆, τ₂₇ and τ₂₈ are designed for the generation and steering of another OAM beam).