Table 1 Demographic and neuropsychological data.

From: Structural and Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network underlying the Cognitive Impairment in Late-onset Depression

Items

LOD (n = 32)

NCs (n = 39)

χ2/t

P

Gender (male: female)a

11:21

19:20

1.482

0.223

Age (years)b

67.17 ± 5.83

65.40 ± 7.37

1.104

0.273

Education levels (years)b

9.31 ± 4.17

10.41 ± 3.10

−1.274

0.207

HAMDb

30.83 ± 4.58

2.42 ± 3.71

30.797

0.000*

Cognition measurements

 MMSE (overall cognition)c

28.50 ± 1.38

29.56 ± 0.77

−4.087

0.000*

 AVLT (episodic memory)c

−0.74 ± 0.58

0.59 ± 0.85

−7.525

0.000*

 VFT (semantic memory)c

−0.76 ± 0.64

0.62 ± 0.78

−8.030

0.000*

 DST (working memory)c

−0.77 ± 0.67

0.61 ± 0.77

−7.961

0.000*

 TMT-A (perceptual speed)c

0.62 ± 0.95

−0.50 ± 0.71

5.681

0.000*

 TMT-B (executive speed)c

0.44 ± 0.97

−0.36 ± 0.86

3.681

0.000*

 SDMT (executive speed)c

−0.88 ± 0.41

0.70 ± 0.73

−10.905

0.000*

  1. Notes: a Chi square test; b Independent-samples t-test (data are presented as mean ± stand deviation); c General linear model, controlling age and education (data are presented as mean ± stand deviation); *P < 0.05.
  2. Abbreviation: LOD, late-onset depression; NCs, normal controls; MMSE, Mini mental state exam; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; AVLT, Auditory Verbal Learning Test; SDMT, Symbol digit modalities test; DST, Digit span test-forward and backward; VFT, Verbal fluency test-animal and verb; TMT-A, Trail making test-A; TMT- B, Trail making test-B.
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