Figure 1

The frequency of connections (i.e. functional connectivity) of two species of garden bird moving between bird feeders, within (a) the network of low fragmentation, (b) the network of medium fragmentation, (c) the network of high fragmentation. Connections occurred over a 12-month period. The upper panel rasters were generated using hyperspectral and LiDAR data (Appendix S1), we show the location of rfid bird feeders in red. Habitat classification: white; vegetation free surfaces at ground level, light grey, buildings; medium grey, grass & low lying vegetation, dark grey; vegetation (at 2 m resolution). The lower panels show the frequency of each connections (black line, >100; dark grey line, >50–100; medium grey line, >10–50; light grey line, 1–10) and the total number of connections made by each feeder (divided into 4 categories denoted by increasing size and brightness of the red circle: 0; 10; 50; 100; >200). ♦ Bird catching locations. Images were created in R version 3.1.2³⁴. *To increase the clarity of the image only those connections that occurred between feeder pairs that were less than the mean distance between all feeder pairs are shown (<213 m); this only loses 9% of the total connections made, and does not exclude any feeder pairs with =>10 connection.