Table 1 Random effects meta-analyses of potential confounders.

From: Chorioamnionitis appears not to be a Risk Factor for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Meta-analysis

Chorioamnionitis

k

Effect size

95% CI

Z

P

Heterogeneity

Q

P

I2

Gestational age (weeks)

Clinical

4

MD -1.151

−1.612 to −0.689

−4.888

<0.001

25.308

<0.001

88.146

Histological

29

MD -1.418

−1.725 to −1.112

−9.070

<0.001

333.271

<0.001

91.958

Any type

33

MD -1.336

−1.592 to −1.081

−10.260

<0.001

369.827

<0.001

91.347

Birth weight (g)

Clinical

4

MD -48

−130 to 34

−1.145

0.252

37.199

<0.001

91.935

Histological

28

MD -80

−113 to −46

−4.659

<0.001

107.816

<0.001

74.957

Any type

32

MD -75

−106 to −44

−4.745

<0.001

147.878

<0.001

79.037

Antenatal corticosteroids

Clinical

3

OR 1.498

1.024 to 2.191

−1.504

0.133

11.743

0.003

82.969

Histological

26

OR 1.234

1.049 to 1.451

−4.549

<0.001

60.735

<0.001

58.837

Any type

29

OR 1.271

1.095 to 1.475

3.156

0.002

72.503

<0.001

61.381

Cesarean section

Clinical

3

OR 0.434

0.389 to 0.485

−14.725

<0.001

1.695

0.428

0.000

Histological

17

OR 0.373

0.297 to 0.469

−8.483

<0.001

83.466

<0.001

80.830

Any type

20

OR 0.422

0.382 to 0.466

−16.953

<0.001

85.911

<0.001

77.884

PROM

Any type

16

OR 2.884

2.085 to 3.989

6.401

<0.001

107.419

<0.001

86.036

SGA

Any type

11

OR 0.341

0.211 to 0.549

4.423

<0.001

58.549

<0.001

82.920

Preeclampsia

Any type

6

OR 0.143

0.084 to 0.243

−7.182

<0.001

13.948

0.016

64.153

  1. K: number of studies; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus; MD: mean difference (chorioamnionitis-exposed minus unexposed); OR: odds ratio (OR > 1 means increased risk in infants exposed to chorioamnionitis);; PROM: premature rupture of membranes; SGA: small for gestational age.
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