Figure 4
Upper plots: Steady state diagram of the dual-transverse mode laser intensities (normalized to saturation intensity Is) as a function of pumping rate η for two contra-rotating vortex modes.
(a) Cavity without phase perturbation; here both handednesses have 50% probability to be generated. (b) With orbital phase perturbation (SPM): here handedness is deterministically controlled and only the wanted one is generated thanks to asymmetric mode competition. In (b), the transverse modes profiles were obtained using an in-house 2D eigenmode solver. Lower plots show the laser frequency degeneracy lift for case (a) and (b), normalized to the laser cavity frequency cutoff fc(η).
