Table 2 Mean carbon stocks per unit area and tree diversity in forest inventory plots in South America (n = 158), Africa (n = 162) and Asia (n = 40).

Variable	South America	Africa	Asia
Carbon (Mg ha⁻¹)	140 (133–148)^A	183 (176–190)^B	197 (180–215)^B
Fisher’s α	80 (71–88)^B	28 (26–30)^A	84 (73–96)^B
Species richness (ha⁻¹)	152 (141–163)^B	74 (70–78)^A	162 (147–177)^B
(300 stems⁻¹)	109 (102–116)^B	65 (62–69)^A	120 (111–130)^B
Genus richness (ha⁻¹)	91 (86–96)^B	59 (56–62)^A	87 (81–93)^B
(300 stems⁻¹)	72 (68–75)^B	54 (51–56)^A	71 (66–75)^B
Family richness (ha⁻¹)	38 (37–39)^B	28 (27–28)^A	40 (38–42)^B
(300 stems⁻¹)	33 (32–34)^B	26 (25–27)^A	35 (34–37)^B

95% confidence limits derived from 10,000 bootstrap resamples of the data (sampling with replacement) are shown in parentheses. Different letters indicate significant differences between continents (ANOVA and subsequent Tukey’s all-pair comparison, P < 0.05). Data for other diversity metrics shown in Supplementary Table 2.

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