Table 1 Baseline characteristics.
|  | All patients (n = 75) | Non-EIPH (n = 50, 66.7%) | EIPH (n = 25, 33.3%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | ||||
 Age, y | 59.1 ± 13.1 | 56.6 ± 13.4 | 64.0 ± 11.2 | 0.01 |
 Male sex | 56 (74.7) | 37 (74.0) | 19 (76.0) | 0.85 |
 BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 ± 3.2 | 21.9 ± 3.3 | 22.7 ± 3.2 | 0.33 |
 Heart rate, bpm | 69.5 ± 10.9 | 69.0 ± 11.5 | 70.6 ± 9.8 | 0.54 |
 SBP, mmHg | 132.7 ± 17.1 | 130.6 ± 14.3 | 136.9 ± 21.3 | 0.16 |
 DBP, mmHg | 74.3 ± 10.1 | 74.0 ± 9.8 | 74.7 ± 10.8 | 0.72 |
 Log BNP, pg/mL | 1.49 ± 0.32 | 1.46 ± 0.29 | 1.53 ± 0.37 | 0.31 |
Risk factors | ||||
 Hypertension | 31 (41.3) | 16 (32.0) | 15 (60.0) | 0.02 |
 Dyslipidemia | 14 (18.7) | 10 (20.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.68 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
Medications | ||||
 ACE-I/ARB | 20 (26.7) | 10 (20.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.06 |
 β-blocker | 6 (8.0) | 2 (4.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.07 |
 Calcium channel blocker | 17 (22.7) | 6 (12.0) | 11 (44.0) | 0.002 |
 Diuretic | 13 (17.3) | 6 (12.0) | 7 (28.0) | 0.08 |
 Statin | 10 (13.3) | 7 (14.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.81 |
Etiology of mitral regurgitation | ||||
 Anterior leaflet prolapse | 22 (29.3) | 16 (32.0) | 6 (24.0) | 0.47 |
 Posterior leaflet prolapse | 48 (64.0) | 31 (62.0) | 17 (68.0) | 0.61 |
 Both leaflet prolapse | 2 (2.7) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0.61 |
 Sclerotic change | 3 (4.0) | 2 (4.0) | 1 (4.0) | 1.00 |
