Table 2 Resting and exercise echocardiographic data.

From: Predictors of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Asymptomatic Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation: Mechanistic Insights from 2D Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography

 

All patients (n = 75)

Non-EIPH (n = 50, 66.7%)

EIPH (n = 25, 33.3%)

P value

Resting

 LVESVI, mL/m2

27.0 ± 6.4

27.9 ± 6.7

25.4 ± 5.6

0.14

 LVEDVI, mL/m2

81.1 ± 17.8

82.1 ± 18.3

79.1 ± 17.0

0.54

 LVEF, %

67.6 ± 4.7

67.1 ± 4.7

68.6 ± 4.6

0.16

 E-wave velocity, cm/s

105.5 ± 27.4

101.2 ± 24.4

114.2 ± 31.3

0.11

 A-wave velocity, cm/s

67.2 ± 16.9

64.9 ± 16.2

72.0 ± 17.6

0.07

 E/A ratio

1.66 ± 0.60

1.69 ± 0.62

1.59 ± 0.56

0.48

 E/E’

11.5 ± 3.6

11.1 ± 3.4

12.4 ± 3.9

0.09

 LAVI, mL/m2

54.2 ± 18.9

52.8 ± 18.9

56.9 ± 18.8

0.36

 Severe MR

35 (46.7)

22 (44.0)

13 (52.0)

0.51

 EROA, mm2

0.41 ± 0.12

0.41 ± 0.13

0.42 ± 0.11

0.57

 Regurgitant volume, mL

62.0 ± 18.1

61.6 ± 19.6

62.9 ± 14.8

0.53

 PASP, mmHg

28.8 ± 4.4

28.1 ± 4.1

30.1 ± 4.7

0.09

 Stroke volume, mL

59.0 ± 12.4

60.2 ± 12.0

56.7 ± 13.0

0.28

 Cardiac output, L

4.05 ± 0.90

4.10 ± 0.97

3.94 ± 0.77

0.65

Peak exercise

 LVESVI, mL/m2

24.8 ± 6.3

24.5 ± 6.0

25.4 ± 7.0

0.88

 LVEDVI, mL/m2

84.0 ± 16.5

82.2 ± 18.0

85.4 ± 13.3

0.58

 LVEF, %

70.6 ± 5.0

70.3 ± 4.9

71.3 ± 5.2

0.45

 E-wave velocity, cm/s

144.0 ± 27.1

140.2 ± 28.8

151.4 ± 22.1

0.11

 A-wave velocity, cm/s

110.9 ± 25.8

108.1 ± 27.9

116.6 ± 20.2

0.34

 E/A ratio

1.36 ± 0.45

1.35 ± 0.50

1.38 ± 0.27

0.40

 E/E’

12.0 ± 4.0

11.1 ± 3.4

13.7 ± 4.6

0.01

 LAVI, mL/m2

49.5 ± 17.8

48.4 ± 17.9

51.8 ± 17.8

0.43

 Severe MR

58 (77.3)

36 (72.0)

22 (88.0)

0.12

 EROA, mm2

0.49 ± 0.17

0.48 ± 0.18

0.51 ± 0.16

0.21

 Regurgitant volume, mL

65.9 ± 15.9

63.9 ± 18.0

66.3 ± 10.5

0.09

 PASP, mmHg

48.8 ± 12.5

41.4 ± 8.2

63.3 ± 3.6

<0.001

 Stroke volume, mL

62.6 ± 14.1

64.3 ± 13.7

59.3 ± 14.5

0.20

 Cardiac output, L

7.71 ± 1.94

7.77 ± 1.83

7.59 ± 2.19

0.80

Delta (peak exercise – resting)

 ΔEROA, mm2

0.11 ± 0.13

0.09 ± 0.14

0.13 ± 0.08

0.06

 ΔRegurgitant volume, mL

6.0 ± 14.2

4.9 ± 15.3

8.2 ± 11.9

0.35

 ΔStroke volume, mL

3.5 ± 9.3

3.9 ± 10.1

2.6 ± 7.8

0.96

 ΔCardiac output, L

3.66 ± 1.6

3.66 ± 1.54

3.65 ± 1.77

0.99

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number (percentage), as appropriate.
  2. Abbreviations: EIPH, exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension; EROA, effective regurgitant orifice area; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVEDVI, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESVI, left ventricular end-systolic volume index; MR, mitral regurgitation; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure.
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