Table 3 Liver fatty acid contents of three fish fed the experimental diets with vegetable oil instead of fish oil 1 (mg/g, Mean ± SEM) * .

From: Regulation of FADS2 transcription by SREBP-1 and PPAR-α influences LC-PUFA biosynthesis in fish

Fatty acid

RFO 1

RFV 2

RVO 3

JFO 4

JFV 5

JVO 6

LFO 7

LFV 8

LVO 9

C14:0

0.49 ± 0.09a

0.27 ± 0.00b

0.20 ± 0.00b

1.42 ± 0.17

1.56 ± 0.03

1.70 ± 0.06

1.56 ± 0.19a

0.97 ± 0.02b

0.77 ± 0.07b

C16:0

8.66 ± 0.10a

6.61 ± 0.15b

6.70 ± 0.23b

8.57 ± 0.04b

8.42 ± 0.33b

10.36 ± 0.37a

17.43 ± 0.79a

18.61 ± 0.71a

14.16 ± 0.32b

C18:0

5.23 ± 0.11

5.45 ± 0.08

4.66 ± 0.32

4.25 ± 0.11b

4.65 ± 0.23b

6.81 ± 0.17a

10.44 ± 0.36c

14.35 ± 0.35a

12.59 ± 0.17b

∑SFA 10

14.38 ± 0.19a

12.33 ± 0.13b

11.56 ± 0.30b

14.25 ± 0.32b

14.64 ± 0.56b

18.87 ± 0.48a

29.01 ± 1.01b

33.93 ± 0.61a

27.52 ± 0.22b

C16:1

1.63 ± 0.27a

0.62 ± 0.01b

0.38 ± 0.06b

2.33 ± 0.18

2.35 ± 0.07

2.30 ± 0.13

5.59 ± 0.33a

4.98 ± 0.19ab

3.85 ± 0.35b

C18:1

6.99 ± 0.45b

5.73 ± 0.25b

10.48 ± 0.71a

10.41 ± 0.31c

123.23 ± 0.15b

32.08 ± 0.61a

24.55 ± 0.89c

28.81 ± 0.34b

32.30 ± 0.09a

∑MUFA 11

8.63 ± 0.40b

6.35 ± 0.24c

10.86 ± 0.77a

12.74 ± 0.49c

25.58 ± 0.22b

34.27 ± 0.68a

30.13 ± 1.10b

33.79 ± 0.53a

36.15 ± 0.27a

C18:2n-6

3.04 ± 0.45b

3.42 ± 0.11b

6.18 ± 0.21a

3.33 ± 0.29b

2.66 ± 0.35b

5.40 ± 0.39a

6.80 ± 0.40c

15.28 ± 0.29b

34.64 ± 0.26a

C20:4n-6

1.87 ± 0.16b

1.74 ± 0.34b

2.29 ± 0.41a

0.10 ± 0.00a

0.06 ± 0.01b

0.03 ± 0.00c

0.24 ± 0.02a

0.15 ± 0.01b

0.05 ± 0.02c

∑n-6 PUFA 12

4.91 ± 0.54b

5.16 ± 0.15b

8.48 ± 0.23a

3.43 ± 0.29b

2.71 ± 0.36b

5.45 ± 0.38a

7.04 ± 0.39c

15.43 ± 0.30b

34.69 ± 0.27a

C18:3n-3

0.53 ± 0.09b

0.51 ± 0.02b

1.09 ± 0.03a

0.48 ± 0.08b

0.70 ± 0.08ab

0.84 ± 0.06a

1.49 ± 0.12c

4.36 ± 0.30b

6.74 ± 0.06a

C20:5n-3

1.29 ± 0.13a

0.72 ± 0.02b

0.78 ± 0.08b

0.20 ± 0.01a

0.06 ± 0.01b

0.03 ± 0.00c

1.34 ± 0.08a

0.71 ± 0.06b

0.14 ± 0.00c

C22:6n-3

18.60 ± 1.37a

13.38 ± 0.15b

11.89 ± 1.64b

0.65 ± 0.03a

0.16 ± 0.03b

0.07 ± 0.01b

2.64 ± 0.08a

1.21 ± 0.07b

0.27 ± 0.04c

∑n-3 PUFA 13

20.42 ± 1.60a

14.61 ± 0.15b

13.76 ± 1.73b

1.33 ± 0.12a

1.34 ± 0.22a

0.94 ± 0.05b

5.47 ± 0.04b

6.27 ± 0.41ab

7.16 ± 0.01a

∑n-3/∑n-6 PUFA

4.21 ± 0.31a

2.84 ± 0.05b

1.62 ± 0.18c

0.39 ± 0.00a

0.34 ± 0.03a

0.17 ± 0.02b

0.78 ± 0.04a

0.41 ± 0.02b

0.21 ± 0.00c

∑n-3 LC-PUFA

19.89 ± 1.50a

14.10 ± 0.14b

12.67 ± 1.72b

0.85 ± 0.03a

0.22 ± 0.04b

0.10 ± 0.01b

3.98 ± 0.15a

1.92 ± 0.13b

0.42 ± 0.05c

Total fatty acids

43.35 ± 0.16

42.59 ± 1.61

45.28 ± 1.55

34.05 ± 1.37c

47.37 ± 1.30b

62.20 ± 0.91a

79.85 ± 3.15c

90.13 ± 3.51ab

104.86 ± 4.87a

  1. *Values in the same row with no common superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). Some fatty acids that were present in only minor or trace amounts or that were not detected, such as C22:0, C24:0, C14:1, C20:2n-6 and C20:3n-6, are not listed in the table.
  2. 1RFO: 100% Fish oil as lipid source (control) in rainbow trout.
  3. 2RFV: Vegetable oil blend (linseed oil: soya bean oil = 1:1) replacing 50% of fish oil in rainbow trout.
  4. 3RVO: 100% Vegetable oil blend as lipid source in rainbow trout.
  5. 4JFO: 100% Fish oil as lipid source (control) in Japanese seabass.
  6. 5JFV: Vegetable oil blend (linseed oil: soya bean oil = 1:1) replacing 50% of fish oil in Japanese seabass.
  7. 6JVO: 100% Vegetable oil blend as lipid source in Japanese seabass.
  8. 7LFO: 100% Fish oil as lipid source (control) in large yellow croaker.
  9. 8LFV: Vegetable oil blend (linseed oil: soya bean oil = 1:1) replacing 50% of fish oil in large yellow croaker.
  10. 9LVO: 100% Vegetable oil blend as lipid source in large yellow croaker.
  11. 10SFA: Saturated fatty acid.
  12. 11MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acid.
  13. 12n-6 PUFA: n-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acid.
  14. 13n-3 PUFA: n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid.