Figure 4: High-speed scanless imaging of single APs and trains of APs in vivo.
From: Simultaneous high-speed imaging and optogenetic inhibition in the intact mouse brain

(a) Simultaneous scanless imaging (top trace) and juxtasomal electrophysiological recording (bottom trace) from a GCaMP6s-expressing layer II/III neuron (inset) in an anesthetized mouse. Number of discharged APs is indicated below the electrophysiological trace. Illumination with one spot (the red cross in the inset), λ = 920 nm, acquisition frequency 125 Hz, power value: 30 mW. Depth = 75 μm. Inset: scale bar, 10 μm. (b) Traces are shown at an enlarged time scale for one (leftmost panel), two (second panel), three (third panel) and four (rightmost panel) APs. The portions of traces shown in (b) are indicated in (a) by the red dotted line. (c,d) Same as in (a,b) but at acquisition frequency of 1 kHz. Grey lines, raw ΔF/F0 values; black lines, a posteriori filtered data (τ = 5 ms, see Methods).