Figure 1: Observed anomalies of SAT and normalized geopotential height over the polar cap.
From: Major cause of unprecedented Arctic warming in January 2016: Critical role of an Atlantic windstorm

(a) Polar cap (north of 65°N) SAT anomalies (red line) and (b) normalized polar cap geopotential height anomalies (shading) at 32 pressure levels from 1 November 2015 to 28 February 2016. In (a), the range of historical daily SAT anomalies are shaded using the data from 1979–80 to 2014–15 and the transparent red bar indicates the lifetime of Storm Frank. The black solid lines in (b) show zero anomalies.