Figure 4: Model-simulated anomalies of SAT and normalized geopotential height over the polar cap.
From: Major cause of unprecedented Arctic warming in January 2016: Critical role of an Atlantic windstorm
Ensemble mean of (a,b) the normalized polar cap geopotential height anomalies (shading) and (d,e) the polar cap SAT anomalies (red line) from 27 December 2015 through 23 January 2016 from the Polar WRF ensemble experiments. The corresponding variables from the JRA55 data are overlaid with black contours for the geopotential height anomalies and a black line for the polar cap SAT anomalies. The geopotential height anomalies in (a) and (b) are normalized by the standard deviation for the period of 1981–2010. The left column and middle column correspond to “LICE” and “HICE”, respectively, and the right column (c,f) contains their differences (LICE minus HICE). The black solid lines in (c) show the zero anomalies. The gray lines for the bottom panels indicate the results from individual ensemble members.
