Figure 5: Influence of transgenic cassava lines on the development and reproduction of T. cinnabarinus.

(A) Reproduction (total eggs per female adult). (B) Hatchability. (C) Lifespan of female adult. (D) Sex ratio (female rate). Different letters above the standard error bars indicate significant differences based on the one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD multiple comparison test (P < 0.05).