Figure 5: A model of the cellular response to AMB-LF synergy.

(a) AMB alone induces a range of cellular stress responses, including increased expression of genes involved in the import of metal ions and the oxidative stress response. (b) During AMB-LF treatment there is decreased expression of genes involved in the uptake of iron and zinc mediated by Aft1p and Zap1p, and an overall decrease in the expression of genes involved in stress response and proteolysis. While this should lead to an accumulation of intracellular ROS and increased oxidative stress, the transcriptome indicates that the cellular stress response decreases. These results suggest general dysregulation of metal ion homeostasis and the appropriate cellular stress responses. Arrows show the direction of regulation. Arrow with blunt end = inhibitory signal; arrow with dotted line = inactivated process. Red = significant increase in the expression of gene or process; green = significant decrease in expression; black = no change in expression.