Figure 3: Environmental characteristics associated with the storm combinations.
From: Extreme weather caused by concurrent cyclone, front and thunderstorm occurrences

Normalised frequency distributions are shown for three different atmospheric measures: Laplacian of geopotential at 500 hPa (a); gradient of the temperature field at 700 hPa (b); and convective available potential energy (CAPE) (c). The distributions are calculated individually for each of the storm combinations throughout the study region (70°N–70°S in latitude, globally in longitude) and time period (2005–2015).