Figure 7: Schematic representation of plausible mechanism of ZnO-NPs interaction with cellular components and induced oxidative stress, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in A. cepa roots.

Abbreviations are as follows: N: Nucleus, V: Vacuole, Nm: Nuclear membrane, Cy: Cytoplasm, M: Mitochondria, ER: Endoplasmic reticulum, P:Plasmodesmata, and PS: periplasmic space.