Figure 5: Intrinsic MAVS signaling is dispensable for Treg expansion and function following WNV infection in vivo.

Mixed bone marrow chimeras were infected as in Fig. 4. (a,b) Expansion of donor BM-derived Foxp3+ Tregs in WT and Mavs−/− chimeras. Bar graphs represent mean values of markers associated with Treg suppressive function. Error bars reflect +/− SEM. Statistical significance was calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t tests. (c–e) Brains and spleens were harvested during early or late visceral phase (as described in Fig. 4b) post infection and analyzed via flow cytometry. (c) Number of BM-derived Foxp3+ Tregs in WT and Mavs−/− chimeras in the brain in the early and late visceral phases. Early visceral phase (d) and late visceral phase (e) total cell counts and frequencies of CD4+ T cells, Tregs, CD8+ T cells, and WNV-specific CD8+ T cells in both spleen and brain following infection are shown. Brain whisker and box plots represent max. and min. values and are representative of 2 independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t tests. Error bars reflect +/− SEM.