Figure 5: TLR4 stimulation increases glucose consumption and lactate production by human DCs.

DCs were seeded at 1 × 106 cells/ml in fresh medium and stimulated for 24 h with increasing amounts of LPS, in the absence or presence of 10 μM FP7 (a,b). Control cells (Ctl) received solvent instead of FP7. Glucose consumption and lactate production were monitored using enzymatic detection kits. Means ± SEM from 5 or 6 experiments are shown. (c) DCs were incubated with 10 μg/ml TLR4-blocking antibody or isotype control antibody 1 h prior to LPS addition. Glucose consumption was normalized to non-stimulated control DCs and means ± SEM from 3 experiments are shown. *P < 0.05; #P < 0.01 FP7 compared to Ctl cells.