Figure 1: Auxin responses in Jatropha curcas leaves of silenced JcARF19.

(a) Seed cross-sections of J. curcas (left) and J. integerrima (right). En: Endosperm; Em: Embryo. Size bar: 10 mm. (b) Expression of JcARF19 in different organs. Root, stem and leaf samples were harvested at six weeks after fertilization and fruit shell and endosperm samples were collected at five weeks after fertilization. Each organ had three biological replicates and each biological replicate with three technical replicates. Values (n = 3) were shown as mean ± SD. The relative expression level of JcARF19 in Jatropha was normalized with the expression level of 18S RNA in Jatropha. (c) Phenotypes of Jatropha plants leaves at 27 days post-infiltration (dpi) with various synthetic TRV (sTRV) constructs: Empty vector (EV), sTRV: JcARF19 (JcARF19), sTRV: JcCH42 (JcCH42). Bar: 10 mm. (d) The width of leaves from Jatropha plants infiltrated with various synthetic TRV constructs at 27 dpi. Values (n = 5) were shown as mean ± SD and statistic analysis with Student T-test. **Indicates P < 0.01. *Indicates P < 0.05. (e) Relative expression levels of JcLBD18 and JcLBD29 in systemic leaves of plants infiltrated with sTRV empty vector (EV) and sTRV: JcARF19 (JcARF19). Samples were collected after treatment of IAA (10 nM) and each treatment had three biological replicates. For qRT-PCR, each biological replicate was replicated three times. Numbers represent mean relative values from three independent experiments with standard deviation. The relative expression level of JcIAA9 in sTRV- silenced plants was normalized as 1.