Figure 6: Transgenic ChR2(H134R)-bladder subjected to continuous and pulsed optical stimulation protocols for 1 s ex vivo.
From: Optogenetic Modulation of Urinary Bladder Contraction for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction
(a) The pressure traces to a short-term illumination (at 63 mW) for 1 s using two types of illumination protocols: a continuous illumination for 1 s (red line) and a pulsed illumination at 100 Hz (the pulse width = 1 ms, duty ratio = 10%) (blue line). Note that the power requirements for the pulsed illumination at 100 Hz is one tenth of that for the continuous illumination. (b) The peak pressure magnitude in response to the pulsed illumination at varying frequency is represented as the percent ratio with respect to that by the continuous illumination for 1 s, showing a sigmoid trend as the pulse frequency increases (n = 5). All error bars indicate SE.
