Table 2 Summary of the effects of the placebo intervention on the reinforcement-learning model parameters.

From: Placebo Intervention Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals

Variable

Condition

Mean, 95% HDI

effect on αG

LU

0.83 [0.55, 1.10]

 

HU

1.17 [0.96, 1.39]

effect on αL

LU

−0.74 [−1.11, −0.36]

 

HU

−0.86 [−1.37, −0.37]

effect on β

LU

−0.02 [−0.11, 0.07]

 

HU

0.05 [−0.04, 0.14]

  1. Placebo intervention increases dopamine-dependent learning from gains.
  2. aαG = learning rate from gains; αL = learning rate from losses; β = softmax noise-parameter.
  3. bLU = low-uncertainty; HU = high-uncertainty.
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