Table 2 Serum Markers in Lung Cancer and Controls in the Training Set.

From: Highly Sensitive Marker Panel for Guidance in Lung Cancer Rapid Diagnostic Units

Marker

Control/Casea

Median

Range

P b

Adjusted effect (95% CI)c

AUC (95% CI)

EGF

Control

336.86

40.13–1187.06

   

(pg/mL)

 Healthy

247.60

40.13–972.90

   
 

 Benign

419.67

43.25–1187.06

   
 

LC

571.70

40.75–1716.30

0.001

0.238 (0.140–0,336)*

0.698 (0.615–0.773)

sCD26

Control

471.50

122.00–1092.00

   

(ng/mL)

 Healthy

509.00

237.00–886.00

   
 

 Benign

431.50

122.00–1092.00

   
 

LC

356.00

136.00–1192.00

0.001

−0.097 (−0.148–0.047)*

0.711 (0.629–0.785)

CAL

Control

127.87

7.56–421.23

   

(ng/mL)

 Healthy

105.47

7.56–362.29

   
 

 Benign

158.13

33.13–421.23

   
 

LC

221.21

48.33–438.32

0.001

0.263 (0.190–0.336)*

0.759 (0.679-0.827)

MMP-1

Control

5459.61

1186.61–23960.37

   

(pg/mL)

 Healthy

4664.94

1186.61–23635.33

   
 

 Benign

6420.51

1207.70–23960.37

   
 

LC

7133.87

1450.34–41668.33

0.047

0.089 (−0.008–0.187)

0.597 (0.511-0.679)

MMP-7

Control

21761.35

5026.14–79977.27

   

(pg/mL)

 Healthy

21237.20

10383.69–60968.91

   
 

 Benign

22286.74

5026.14–79977.27

   
 

LC

26710.65

5383.18–79809.13

0.013

0.020 (−0.040–0.081)

0.624 (0.539-0.705)

MMP-9

Control

177.60

52.79–3611.59

   

(ng/mL)

 Healthy

177.19

52.79–743.25

   
 

 Benign

181.74

57.41–3611.59

   
 

LC

311.86

21.06–1914.00

0.001

0.270 (0.167–0.373)*

0.729 (0.648–0.801)

CEA

Control

837.26

170.84–4070.71

   

(pg/mL)

 Healthy

929.50

171.03–4070.71

   
 

 Benign

559.51

170.84–2828.15

   
 

LC

2051.64

141.16–136039.19

0.001

0.494 (0.333–0.656)*

0.744 (0.663–0.814)

CYFRA 21.1

Control

227.05

0.00–19314.33

   

(pg/mL)

 Healthy

0.00

0.00–16592.63

   
 

 Benign

1052.47

0.00–19314.33

   
 

LC

3007.09

0.00–173410.17

0.001

1.080 (0.587–1.573)*

0.734 (0.653–0.805)

  1. Abbreviations: LC = Lung Cancer.
  2. aSample size in training set: Control n = 72 (Healthy n = 36, Benign n = 36), LC n = 68.
  3. bMann-Whitney U test for comparison between the cancer and control group corrected by Benjamini-Hochberg method to control familywise error under multiple comparisons.
  4. cAdjusted effects and 95% confidence intervals of the case/control status on each of the log-transformed markers considered as outcome in lineal regression model adjusted for gender, age and smoking. *P-value < 0.001.